1998 IEEE.
Personal use of this material is
permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this
material for advertising or promotional purposes or for
creating new collective works for resale or redistribution
to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component
of this work in other works must be obtained from the
IEEE.
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
Volume 46 Number 2, February 1998
Table of Contents for this issue
Complete paper in PDF format
Urban Radiowave Propagation:
A 3-D Path-Integral Wave Analysis
Costas C. Constantinou, Member, IEEE, and Ling Chuen Ong
Page 211.
Abstract:
A discussion concerning the need for three-dimensional
(3-D) urban radiowave propagation models is presented and followed by a
review of previously published work on this topic using the asymptotic
path-integral technique. The limitations and advantages of this
technique are explained and it is applied to study diffraction by a
small number of canonical geometries. The validity of this technique is
verified by comparison with controlled laboratory measurements taken at
millimetric wave frequencies. Finally, its ability to classify field
components according to their distribution in space is employed in order
to analyze the observed field strength distributions in the model
environments.
References
-
M. Hata, "Empirical formula for propagation loss in land
mobile radio service," IEEE Trans. Veh.
Technol., vol. VT-29, pp. 317-325, Aug.
1980.
-
J. Walfisch and H. L. Bertoni, "A theoretical model of UHF
propagation in urban environments," IEEE Trans.
Antennas Propagat., vol. 36, pp. 1788-1796, Dec.
1988.
-
COST 207, "Digital land mobile radio communications, final
report of the COST 207 management committee," presented at
Directorate-Gen. Telecommun., Inform. Indust. Innovation, Commission
Eur. Communities, Luxembourg, 1989.
-
T. Kurner, D. J. Cichon, and W. Wiesbeck, "Concepts and
results for 3-D digital terrain-based wave propagation models; An
overview," IEEE J. Select. Areas
Commun., vol. 11, pp. 1002-1012, Sept.
1993.
-
T. S. Rappaport and S. Sandhu, "Radio-wave propagation for
emerging wireless personal-communication systems,"
IEEE Antennas Propagat. Mag., vol.
36, pp. 14-23, Oct. 1994.
-
G. E. Athanasiadou, A. R. Nix, and J. P. McGeehan, "A ray
tracing algorithm for microcellular and indoor propagation," in
9th Inst. Elect. Eng. Int. Conf. Antennas
Propagat., Chicago, IL, July 1995, vol. 2, pp.
231-235.
-
M. J. Mehler, "The microcell propagation challenge,"
Inst. Elect. Eng. Colloq. Microcellular Propagat.
Modeling, London, U.K., 1992, vol. 1992/234, pp.
1/1-1/4.
-
V. Koshi, D. J. Edwards, A. M. Street, and M. J. Mehler,
"Impact of planning uncertainties in designing a cellular mobile
communication network," in Proc. IEEE Veh.
Technol. Conf., Phoenix, AZ, May 1997, pp.
775-779.
-
H. L. Bertoni, W. Honcharenko, L. R. Maciel, and H. H. Xia,
"UHF propagation prediction for wireless personal
communications," in Proc. IEEE,
Sept. 1994, vol. 82, pp. 1333-1359.
-
D. E. Eliades, "Path integral analysis of paraxial
radiowaves propagation over a nonlevel plateau,"
Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng., vol. 138,
pt. H, pp. 521-526, Dec. 1991.
-
J. H. Whitteker, "A series solution for diffraction over
terrain modeled as multiple bridged knife-edges,"
Radio Sci., vol. 28, pp.
487-500, 1993.
-
L. C. Ong and C. C. Constantinou, "Diffraction over an
infinitely wide plateau," Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng.
Microwaves Antennas Propagat., vol. 143, pp.
94-96, Feb. 1996.
-
--, "Evaluation of multiple diffraction integrals:
Computational speed and accuracy considerations,"
Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng. Microwaves Antennas
Propagat., vol. 144, pp. 35-41, Feb. 1997.
-
C. C. Constantinou and L. C. Ong, "Use of zero vs. nonzero
thickness diffracting obstacles in radio channel modeling," in
5th IEEE Int. Symp. PIMRC, The Hague,
Sept. 1994, pp. 280-286.
-
M. J. Neve and G. B. Rowe, "Mobile radio propagation
prediction in irregular cellular topographies using ray methods,"
Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng. Microwaves Antennas
Propagation, vol. 142, pp. 447-451, Dec.
1995.
-
R. P. Feynman and A. R. Hibbs, Quantum Mechanics
and Path Integrals.New York: McGraw-Hill,
1965.
-
L. S. Schulman, Techniques and Applications of
Path Integration.New York: Wiley, 1981.
-
S. W. Lee, "Path integrals for solving some electromagnetics
edge diffraction problems," J. Math.
Phys., vol. 19, pp. 1414-1422, 1978.
-
C. Huang, "Path integral method in classical
electromagnetics," Ph.D. dissertation, Texas A&M University,
College Station, TX, 1992.
-
C. C. Constantinou, "Path-integral analysis of passive,
graded-index waveguides applicable to integrated optics," Ph.D.
dissertation, Univ. Birmingham, 1991.
-
L. C. Ong, "Radiowave propagation in urban
environments," Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Birmingham, 1995.
-
G. Barton, Elements of Green's Functions and
Propagation.Oxford, U.K.: Oxford Univ.,
1989.