2000 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE.

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
Volume 48 Number 7, July 2000

Small H -Shaped Antennas for MMIC Applications

Page 1134.

Abstract:

A small short-circuited H-shaped GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) patch antenna is presented. Resonant at 5.98 GHz, it is the lowest frequency MMIC patch antenna reported that we are aware of and is intended for short-range communications (e.g.,vehicular). Initial experimental and theoretical characterization of the proposed structure has been carried out on soft microstrip substrates. It has been shown that the size of an H-shaped patch antenna can be reduced to as low as one tenth of that of a half wavelength patch antenna resonant at the same frequency, saving valuable substrate space. Resonance frequency, radiation patterns and gain have been investigated. Ground plane truncation effects, which are important for MMIC applications, have been examined using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method.

References

1. J. R. James, and P. S. Hall, Eds., "Handbook of Microstrip Antennas", Peter Peregrinus Ltd., London, U.K., 1989.
2. M. Sanad, "Effect of shorting posts on short circuit microstrip antennas", IEEE Antennas Propagat. Soc. Symp. Dig., pp.  794-797, 1994.
3. Y. Hwang, Y. P. Zhang, G. X. Zheng and T. K. C. Lo, "Planar inverted F -antenna loaded with high permittivity material", Electron. Lett., vol. 31, pp.  1710-1712, 1995.
4. V. Palanisamy and R. Garg, "Rectangular ring and H-shaped microstrip antennas-alternatives to rectangular patch antenna", Electron. Lett., vol. 21, pp.  874-876, 1985.
5. D. Singh, P. Gardner and P. S. Hall, "Miniaturised microstrip antenna for MMIC applications", Electron. Lett., vol. 33, pp.  1830-1831, 1997.
6. K. S. Kunz and R. J. Luebbers, The Finite Difference Time Domain Method For Electromagnetics, Orlando, FL: CRC, 1993.
7. M. Piket-May, A. Taflove and J. Baron, "FDTD modeling of digital signal propagation in 3-D circuits with passive and active loads", IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 42, pp.  1514-1523, Aug.  1994.
8. R. J. Luebbers and H. S. Langdon, "A simple feed model that reduces time steps needed for fdtd antenna and microstrip calculations", IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 44, pp.  1000-1005, July  1996.
9. R. J. Luebbers, K. S. Kunz, M. Schneider and F. Hunsberger, "A finite difference time domain near-zone to far-zone transformation", IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 39, pp.  429-433, Apr.  1991.
10. C. M. Furse and O. P. Gandhi, "Why the DFT is faster than the FFT for FDTD time-to-frequency domain conversions", IEEE Microwave Guided Wave Lett., vol. 6, pp.  326-328, Oct.  1995.
11. O. P. M. Pekonen, J. Xu and K. I. Nikoskinen, "Rigorous analysis of circuit parameter extraction from an FDTD simulation excited with a resistive voltage source", Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 12, pp.  205-210, 1996.
12. G. Mur, "Absorbing boundary conditions for the finite difference approximation of the time domain electromagnetic field equations", IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. EMC-23, pp.  377-382, Nov.  1981.
13. O. Staub, J. F. Zurcher and A. Skrivervik, "Some considerations on the correct measurement of the gain and bandwidth of electrically small antennas", Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 17, pp.  156-160, 1998.
14. C. A. Balanis, "Microstrip antennas,"in Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, New York: Wiley, 1997, ch. 14.
15. J. R. James, P. S. Hall and C. Wood, Microstrip Antennas-Theory and Design, London: U.K.: Peter Peregrinus Ltd., 1981, p.  81. 
16. R. F. Harrington, "Effect of antenna size on gain, bandwidth and efficiency", J. Res. Nat. Bureau Standards-D. Radio Propagat. , vol. 64D, pp.  1-12, 1960.