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case
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Syntax

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    switch ( <switch variable> ){casebreakdefault
    case <constant expression> : <statement>; [break;]
        .
        .
        .
    default : <statement>;
    }

Description

Use the case statement in conjunction with switches to determine which statements evaluate.

The list of possible branch points within <statement> is determined by preceding substatements with

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    case <constant expression> : <statement>;

where <constant expression> must be an int and must be unique.

The <constant expression> values are searched for a match for the <switch variable>.

If a match is found, execution continues after the matching case statement until a break statement is encountered or the end of the switch statement is reached.

If no match is found, control is passed to the default case.

Note: It is illegal to have duplicate case
constants in the same switch statement. Example

This example illustrates the use of keywords break, case, default, return, and switch.

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    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    int main(int argc, char* argv[])
    {
      char ch;

      cout << "PRESS a, b, OR c. ANY OTHER CHOICE WILL TERMINATE THIS PROGRAM." << endl;
      for ( /* FOREVER */; cin >> ch; )
        switch (ch)
        {
          case 'a' :    /* THE CHOICE OF a HAS ITS OWN ACTION. */
            cout << endl << "Option a was selected." << endl;
            break;
          case 'b' :    /* BOTH b AND c GET THE SAME RESULTS. */
          case 'c' :
            cout << endl << "Option b or c was selected." << endl;
            break;
          default :
            cout << endl << "NOT A VALID CHOICE!  Bye ..." << endl;
            return(-1);
        }
    }

See Also

break

default

switch

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