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ctype.h
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The following functions, macros, and classes are provided in ctype.h:

Topics

Name | Description
_ctype | Header File ctype.h Syntax extern char _ctype[]; Description _ctype is an array of character attribute information indexed by ASCII value + 1. Each entry is a set of bits describing the character. This array is used by isdigit, isprint, and so on.
_IS_xxx #defines | Header File ctype.h Description Bit settings in the _ctype[] used by the is... character macros.
_tolower | Header File ctype.h Category Conversion Routines Prototype int _tolower(int ch); Description _tolower is a macro that does the same conversion as tolower, except that it should be used only when ch is known to be uppercase (AZ). To use _tolower, you must include ctype.h. Return Value _tolower returns the converted value of ch if it is uppercase; otherwise, the result is undefined. Example
_toupper | Header File ctype.h Category Conversion Routines Prototype int _toupper(int ch); Description Translates characters to uppercase. _toupper is a macro that does the same conversion as toupper, except that it should be used only when ch is known to be lowercase (a to z). To use _toupper, you must include ctype.h. Return Value _toupper returns the converted value of ch if it is lowercase; otherwise, the result is undefined. Example
isalnum, __iscsym, iswalnum, _ismbcalnum | Header File ctype.h, mbstring.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int isalnum(int c); int __iscsym(int c); int iswalnum(wint_t c); int _ismbcalnum(unsigned int c); Description Tests for an alphanumeric character. isalnum is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. The macro is affected by the current locale’s LC_CTYPE category. For the default C locale, c is a letter (A to Z or a to z) or a digit (0 to 9). You can make this macro available as a function by undefining (#undef) it. Return Value It is a predicate returning nonzero for true and 0 for false.... more
isalpha, __iscsymf, iswalpha, _ismbcalpha | Header File ctype.h, mbstring.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int isalpha(int c); int __iscsymf(int c); int iswalpha(wint_t c); int _ismbcalpha(unsigned int c); Description Classifies an alphabetical character. isalpha is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. The macro is affected by the current locale’s LC_CTYPE category. For the default C locale, c is a letter (A to Z or a to z). You can make this macro available as a function by undefining (#undef) it. Return Value isalpha returns nonzero if c is a letter. __iscsymf returns true if and only if the argument c is... more
isascii, iswascii | Header File ctype.h, wctype.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int isascii(int c); int iswascii(wint_t c); Description Character classification macro. These functions depend on the LC_CTYPE isascii is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. It is a predicate returning nonzero for true and 0 for false. isascii is defined on all integer values. Return Value isascii returns nonzero if c is in the range 0 to 127 (0x00-0x7F). iswascii returns nonzero if c is is a wide-character representation of an ASCII character. Each of these routines returns 0 if c does not satisfy the test condition. Example... more
iscntrl, iswcntrl | Header File ctype.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int iscntrl(int c); int iswcntrl(wint_t c); Description Tests for a control character. iscntrl is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. The macro is affected by the current locale’s LC_CTYPE category. For the default C locale, c is a delete character or control character (0x7F or 0x00 to 0x1F). You can make this macro available as a function by undefining (#undef) it. Return Value iscntrl returns nonzero if c is a delete character or ordinary control character. Example
isdigit, iswdigit, _ismbcdigit | Header File ctype.h, mbstring.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int isdigit(int c); int iswdigit(wint_t c); int _ismbcdigit(unsigned int c); Description Tests for decimal-digit character. isdigit is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. The macro is affected by the current locale’s LC_CTYPE category. For the default C locale, c is a digit (0 to 9). You can make this macro available as a function by undefining (#undef) it. Return Value isdigit returns nonzero if c is a digit. _ismbcdigit returns true if and only if the argument c is a single-byte representation of an ASCII digit.... more
isgraph, iswgraph, _ismbcgraph | Header File ctype.h, mbstring.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int isgraph(int c); int iswgraph(wint_t c); int _ismbcgraph( unsigned int c); Description Tests for printing character. isgraph is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. The macro is affected by the current locale’s LC_CTYPE category. For the default C locale, c is a printing character except blank space (‘ ‘). You can make this macro available as a function by undefining (#undef) it. Return Value isgraph returns nonzero if c is a printing character. Example
islower, iswlower, _ismbclower | Header File ctype.h, mbstring.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int islower(int c); int iswlower(wint_t c); int _ismbclower(unsigned int c); Description Tests for lowercase character. islower is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. The macro is affected by the current locale’s LC_CTYPE category. For the default C locale, c is a lowercase letter (a to z). You can make this macro available as a function by undefining (#undef) it. Return Value islower returns nonzero if c is a lowercase letter. Example
isprint, iswprint, _ismbcprint | Header File ctype.h, wctype.h, mbstring.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int isprint(int c); int iswprint(wint_t c); int _ismbcprint(unsigned int c); Description Tests for printing character. isprint is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. The macro is affected by the current locale’s LC_CTYPE category. For the default C locale, c is a printing character including the blank space (‘ ‘). You can make this macro available as a function by undefining (#undef) it. Return Value isprint returns nonzero if c is a printing character. Example
ispunct, iswpunct, _ismbcpunct | Header File ctype.h, wctype.h, mbstring.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int ispunct(int c); int iswpunct(wint_t c); int _ismbcpunct(unsigned int c); Description Tests for punctuation character. ispunct is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. The macro is affected by the current locale’s LC_CTYPE category. For the default C locale, c is any printing character that is neither an alphanumeric nor a blank space (‘ ‘). You can make this macro available as a function by undefining (#undef) it. Return Value ispunct returns nonzero if c is a punctuation character. Example
isspace, iswspace, _ismbcspace | Header File ctype.h, wctype.h, mbstring.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int isspace(int c); int iswspace(wint_t c); int _ismbcspace(unsigned int c); Description Tests for space character. isspace is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. The macro is affected by the current locale’s LC_CTYPE category. You can make this macro available as a function by undefining (#undef) it. Return Value isspace returns nonzero if c is a space, tab, carriage return, new line, vertical tab, formfeed (0x09 to 0x0D, 0x20), or any other locale-defined space character. Example
isupper, iswupper, _ismbcupper | Header File ctype.h, wctype.h, mbstring.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int isupper(int c); int iswupper(wint_t c); int _ismbcupper(unsigned int c); Description Tests for uppercase character. isupper is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. The macro is affected by the current locale’s LC_CTYPE category. For the default C locale, c is an uppercase letter (A to Z). You can make this macro available as a function by undefining (#undef) it. Return Value isupper returns nonzero if c is an uppercase letter. Example
isxdigit, iswxdigit | Header File ctype.h, wctype.h Category Classification Routines Prototype int isxdigit(int c); int iswxdigit(wint_t c); Description Tests for hexadecimal character. isxdigit is a macro that classifies ASCII-coded integer values by table lookup. The macro is affected by the current locale’s LC_CTYPE category. You can make this macro available as a function by undefining (#undef) it. Return Value isxdigit returns nonzero if c is a hexadecimal digit (0 to 9, A to F, a to f) or any other hexadecimal digit defined by the locale. Example
toascii | Header File ctype.h Category Conversion Routines Prototype int toascii(int c); Description Translates characters to ASCII format. toascii is a macro that converts the integer c to ASCII by clearing all but the lower 7 bits; this gives a value in the range 0 to 127. Return Value toascii returns the converted value of c. Portability
tolower, _mbctolower, towlower | Header File ctype.h, mbstring.h Category Conversion Routines Prototype int tolower(int ch); int towlower(wint_t ch); // Unicode version unsigned int _mbctolower(unsigned int c); Description Translates characters to lowercase. tolower is a function that converts an integer ch (in the range EOF to 255) to its lowercase value (a to z; if it was uppercase, A to Z). All others are left unchanged. Return Value tolower returns the converted value of ch if it is uppercase; it returns all others unchanged. Example
toupper, _mbctoupper, towupper | Header File ctype.h, mbstring.h Category Conversion Routines Prototype int toupper(int ch); int towupper(wint_t ch); // Unicode version unsigned int _mbctoupper(unsigned int c); Description Translates characters to uppercase. toupper is a function that converts an integer ch (in the range EOF to 255) to its uppercase value (A to Z; if it was lowercase, a to z). All others are left unchanged. towupper is the Unicode version of toupper. It is available when Unicode is defined. Return Value toupper returns the converted value of ch if it is lowercase; it returns all others unchanged. Example

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