2000 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE.

IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology
Volume 18 Number 8, August 2000

Table of Contents for this issue

Complete paper in PDF format

Pulsed Injection Locking Dynamics of Passively Mode-Locked External-Cavity Semiconductor Laser Systems for All-Optical Clock Recovery

B. K. Mathason and P. J. Delfyett

Page 1111.

Abstract:

The performance characteristics of a pulse injection locked,passively mode-locked (PML) external-cavity semiconductor laser system for all-optical clock recovery are investigated in detail. It is important to characterize the clock recovery dynamics to understand the fundamental capabilities and limitations of the clock recovery system. It is experimentally shown that these devices offer robust clock recovery with low phase and amplitude noise,low injected data power requirements, large frequency locking bandwidth, large phase tracking bandwidth, short lockup time, long dephasing time and immunity to bit-pattern-effects. Harmonic clock generation and subharmonic clock generation are demonstrated for data-rate conversion applications.

References

  1. M. Jinno and T. Matsumoto, "All-optical timing extraction using a 1.5 µ m self-pulsating multielectrode DFB LD", Electron. Lett., vol. 24, pp.  1426-1427, Nov.  1988.
  2. P. E. Barnsley, H. J. Wickes, G. E. Wickens and D. M. Spirit, "All-optical clock recovery from 5 Gb/s RZ data using self-pulsating 1.56 µ m laser diode", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 3, pp.  942 -945, Oct.  1991.
  3. D. J. As, R. Eggemann, U. Feiste, M. Möhrle, E. Patzak and K. Weich, "Clock recovery based on a new type of self-pulsation in a 1.5 µ m two-section InGaAsP-InP DFB laser", Electron. Lett., vol. 29, pp.  141-142, Jan.  1994.
  4. P. J. Delfyett, "Synchronous optical network applications using modelocked semiconductor diode lasers", in Proc. LEOS 1992 Summer Top. Meet. Dig. Broadband Analog Digital Optoelectron., 1992, pp.  63-64. 
  5. B. K. Mathason and P. J. Delfyett, "All-optical clock recovery using injection modelocked laser diodes", in Proc. SPIE, 1997, pp.  52-58. 
  6. H. Yokoyama, T. Shimizu, T. Ono and Y. Yano, "Synchronous injection locking operation of monolithic mode-locked diode lasers", Optic. Rev., vol. 2, pp.  85-88, 1995.
  7. R. Ludwig, A. Ehrhardt, W. Pieper, E. Jahn, N. Agrawal, H.-J. Ehrke, L. Kuller and H. G. Weber, "40 Gbit/s demultiplexing experiment with 10 GHz all-optical clock recovery using a modelocked semiconductor laser", Electron. Lett., vol. 32, pp.  327-329, 
  8. A. Ehrhardt, R. Ludwig, W. Pieper, E. Jahn and H. G. Weber, "Characterization of an all optical clock recovery operating in excess of 40 Gb/s", in Proc. Tech. Dig. ECOC 1996,, Paper ThB1.5,
  9. E. Lach, H. Buelow, J. Bouyad-Amine, U. Cebulla, K. Dutting, T. Feeser, H. Haisch, E. Kuhn, K. Satzke, M. Schilling, J. Weber, R. Weinmann, P. Wiedemann and E. Zielinski, "Multifunctional application of monolithic moelocked lasera in OTDM systems: Pulse generation and optical clock recovery", in Proc. Tech. Dig. ECOC 1996,.
  10. K. Smith and J. K. Lucek, "All-optical clock recovery using a mode-locked laser", Electron. Lett., vol. 28, pp.  1814-1816, Sept.  1992 .
  11. A. D. Ellis, K. Smith and D. M. Patrick, "All optical clock recovery at bit rates up to 40 Gbit/s", Electron. Lett., vol. 29, pp.  1323-1324, July  1993.
  12. D. M. Patrick and R. J. Manning, "20 Gbit/s all-optical clock recovery using semiconductor nonlinearity", Electron. Lett., vol. 30, pp.  151-152,  Jan.  1994.
  13. L. E. Adams, E. S. Kintzer and J. G. Fujimoto, "All-optical clock recovery using a modelocked figure eight laser with semiconductor nonlinearity", Electron. Lett., vol. 30, pp.  1696-1697, Sept.  1994.
  14. B. K. Mathason, H. Shi, I. Nitta, G. A. Alphonse, J. Abeles, J. C. Connolly and P. J. Delfyett, "Multiwavelength all-optical TDM switching using a semiconductor optical amplifier in a loop mirror", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 11, pp.  331-333, Mar.  1999 .
  15. P. J. Delfyett, L. T. Florez and N. Stoffel et al., "High-power ultrafast laser diodes", IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 28, pp.  2203 -2219, Oct.  1992.
  16. D. S. Chemla, D. A. B. Miller, P. W. Smith, A. C. Gossard and W. Wiegmann, "Room temperature excitonic nonlinear absorption and refraction in GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well structures", IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 20, pp.  265-275, Mar.  1984 .
  17. S. Gee, R. Coffie and P. J. Delfyett, "Intracavity gain and absorption dynamics of hybrid modelocked semiconductor lasers using multiple quantum well saturable absorbers", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 71, pp.  2569-2571, Nov.  1997 .
  18. P. W. Smith, Y. Silberberg and D. A. B. Miller, "Mode locking of semiconductor diode lasers using saturable excitonic nonlinearities", J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, vol. 2, pp.  1228-1236, July  1985.
  19. G. H. C. New, "Pulse evolution in mode-locked quasicontinous lasers", IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 10, pp.  115-124, Feb.  1974 .
  20. H. A. Haus, "Theory of mode mocking with a slow saturable absorber", IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 11, pp.  736-746, Sept.  1975 .
  21. M. Margalit, M. Orenstein and H. A. Haus, "Injection locking of a passively mode-locked laser", IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 32, pp.  155-160, Jan.  1996 .
  22. M. Margalit, M. Orenstein and H. A. Haus, "Noise in pulsed injection locking of a passively modelocked laser", IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 32, pp.  796-801, May  1996.
  23. G. P. Agrawal and N. K. Dutta, Semiconductor Lasers, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1993.
  24. D. von der Linde, "Characterization of the noise in continuously operating modelocked lasers", Appl. Phys. B, vol. 39, pp.  201-217,  1986.
  25. U. Keller, K. D. Li, M. Rodwell and D. M. Bloom, "Noise characterization of femtosecond fiber Raman soliton lasers", IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 25, pp.  280-287,  Mar.  1989.
  26. T. Decker and B. Temple, "Choosing a phase noise measurement technique", in Proc. Hewlett Packard RF Microwave Symp.,.
  27. D. J. Derickson, P. A. Morton, J. E. Bowers and R. L. Thornton, "Comparison of timing jitter in external and monolithic cavity mode-locked semiconductor lasers", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 59, pp.  3372-3374, Dec.  1991.
  28. L. E. Adams, E. S. Kintzer and J. G. Fujimoto, "Performance and scalability of an all-optica clock recovery figure eight laser", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 8, pp.  55-57, Jan.  1996.
  29. M. Margalit, M. Orenstein and G. Eisenstein, "Multimode injection locking buildup and dephasing in passively mode locked fiber laser", Opt. Commun., vol. 129, pp.  373-378, Sept.  1996.
  30. P. Barnsley, "All-optical clock extraction using two-contact devices", Inst. Elec. Eng. Proc. J., vol. 140, pp.  325-336, Oct.  1993 .
  31. R. G. M. Koumans and R. van Roijen, "Theory for passive mode-locking in semiconductor laser structures including effects of sel-phase modulation, dispersion and pulse collisions", IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 32, pp.  478-492, Mar.  1996.
  32. H. Kurita, T. Shimizu and H. Yokoyama, "Experimental investigations of harmonic synchronization conditions and mechanisms of mode-locked laser diodes induced by optical-pulse injection", IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron., vol. 2, pp.  508-513, Sept.  1996.